LNER and BR(E) and BR(NE) LNER post-grouping locomotives; LNER A3 pacifics. Although all of the original Class A1 locomotives were eventually rebuilt to Class A3 specifications,[i] it was a drawn-out process that lasted until 1949; 60068 Sir Visto was the last locomotive to be converted. The London and North Eastern Railway LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3 locomotives represented two distinct stages in the history of the British 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley. One was named after the company's most famous long-distance passenger train, the Flying Scotsman. [1] Realising the need for standardisation, Gresley adopted his GNR Pacific design as the standard express passenger locomotive for the LNER main line, designating it 'A1' within the LNER locomotive classification system. Finally, in the 1950s, it acquired the Peppercorn-type of deflector plates. The London and North Eastern Railway LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3 locomotives represented two distinct stages in the history of the British 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley. Instead, the conversion to A3 standard continued. A consequence was that the length of these passages was greater than that generally recommended, increasing "dead space", and this was combined with a shorter exhaust passage. This problem had been overcome by what Holcroft called a "twist in the ports" (the passages that carried steam in and out of the cylinders). The first to be withdrawn was 60104 Solario in 1959, followed by 60095 Flamingo, and 60055 Woolwinder in 1961. world records: 108 mph (174 km/h) maximum and 300 mi (480 km) at 80 mph (130 km/h)' (, Locomotive, Railway Carriage & Wagon Review, "Report on the Collision which occurred on 14th November 1951 at Queen Street (High Level) Station Glasgow in the Scottish Region British Railways", "The Gresley A0 Pacific Locomotive & the Origins of the North Western Railway's number 4", LNER Encyclopedia Page covering the history and development of the LNER A1/A3 Pacifics, London and North Eastern Railway locomotives, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LNER_Gresley_Classes_A1_and_A3&oldid=991492414, Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 13 ft 0 in (3.96 m) (First two A1s were cut back from 13 ft 9 in (4.19 m)), A1: 20 long tons (20.3 t; 22.4 short tons), A1: 60 long tons (61.0 t; 67.2 short tons), A1: 91.35 long tons (92.82 t; 102.31 short tons). 2579 was named Dick Turpin, but there was no distinguished racehorse of this name; the name refers to the well-known highwayman. English: The LNER Class A3 Pacific locomotive number 4472 Flying Scotsman (originally no. Below are the names and numbers of the steam locomotives that … The London and North Eastern Railway LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3 locomotives represented two distinct stages in the history of the British 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley. The class names mainly denoted various racehorses; there were seven exceptions, detailed at the end. [3][4] The first Chairman of the LNER was honoured in the same way in 1924 when LNER no. The new Pacific locomotives were built at the Doncaster "Plant" in 1922 to the design of Nigel Gresley, who had become Chief Mechanical Engineer of the GNR in 1911. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 20 August 1963. See more ideas about Steam trains, Steam railway, Steam locomotive. They were designed for main line passenger services, initially on the Great Northern Railway (GNR), a constituent company of the London and North Eastern Railway after the amalgamation of 1923, for … Along with all the Gresley 3-cylinder types, the Pacifics suffered from low wartime maintenance standards, conditions for which they had not been designed. lner locomotives a1 & a2 class, a1 class tornado, gresley a1 & a3 class, a4 class, p2 class & other classes LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3. Cut Up at Doncaster Works on 7 December 1959. … Cut up at Doncaster Works on 21 January 1963. The first, Great Northern, was named after its parent company. The LNER Thompson Class A1/1, a single Pacific locomotive designed by Edward Thompson and rebuilt from a Gresley A1 [3] [4] The LNER Peppercorn Class A1, a class of 49 Pacific locomotives designed by A. H. Peppercorn [5] [6] LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado, a … [1], London and North Eastern Railway locomotives, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_LNER_Class_A1/A3_locomotives&oldid=978037280, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. W. Awdry, as well as its television adaptation Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends, the character Gordon the Big Engine is loosely based on an A1. This led Gresley to make a radical departure from Churchward practice by increasing the number of large tubes containing superheating elements, hence increasing the superheater surface area in contact with the hot gases, thus raising steam temperature. ONLY A PHONE CALL AWAY. In line with the philosophy behind Cole's Alco prototypes, the Gresley Pacifics were built to the maximum limits of the LNER loading gauge with a large boiler and wide firebox giving a large grate area. 2563 was named William Whitelaw. The new A1s were ordered by the LNER but delivered after that company had been nationalised to form part of British Railways at the start of 1948. The London and North Eastern Railway LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3 locomotives represented two distinct stages in the history of the British 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Railway' (, 'New Pacific type locomotives, L. & N.E. They were designed for main line passenger services, initially on the Great Northern Railway (GNR), a constituent company of the London and North Eastern Railway after the amalgamation of 1923, for which they became a standard design. However, unlike the Pennsylvania K4, the firebox was not of the flat-topped Belpaire variety, but a round-topped one that was in line with Great Northern tradition. However, on the Pacifics the increase in efficiency was deemed insufficient and the apparatus was eventually removed. 2564 was named Knight of the Thistle after the racehorse owned by Mr H. McCalmont which won the 1897 Royal Hunt Cup. The London and North Eastern Railway LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3 locomotives represented two distinct stages in the history of the British 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley. The first member of this batch, No.4472 “Flying Scotsman”, was completed under LNER. However, Gresley's Pacifics had been designed to work within the bounds of the Great Northern Railway, meaning maximum distances of less than 200 miles (322 km). The rebuilding of these locomotives as A1/1 never happened. Cut up at St Margaret's Shed, Edinburgh in April 1966. [14] Locomotives with modified valve gear had a slightly raised running plate over the cylinders in order to give room for the longer combination lever necessary for the longer valve travel. The sole surviving member of the A3s and A1s is 4472 (60103) Flying Scotsman. [1] This locomotive appeared in August 1928 with 220 psi (1.52 MPa) boiler, 19-inch (483 mm) cylinders, increased superheat, long-travel valves, improved lubrication and modified weight distribution. [22], A3s 2747 Coronach and 2751 Humorist were subjected to smoke deflection trials following an accident on the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) due to poor visibility; this included the modification of the upper smokebox area surrounding the chimney. This was closely followed by two other locomotives which also incorporated variations in the cylinder diameter and superheater size for comparative purposes. Eventually all of the A1 locomotives were rebuilt, most to A3 specifications, but no. Although now owned by Bachmann, the models have never been resurrected. The prototype locomotive, number 60113 Great Northern, had been rebuilt by Edward Thompson into a virtually new design. [7] The boiler pressure was rated at 180 pounds per square inch (1.24 MPa). [28] However, practical problems were experienced with components quickly suffering from premature wear, especially in the main bearing of the large 2:1 lever which had not yet been fitted with the very necessary ball race; excessive 'play' led to so much over-travel of the middle valve, that it began to hit the end-covers. LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3; 300px. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 10 July 1963. The net result would be rather different working conditions in the middle cylinder from those on the outside. Built in 1927. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 25 November 1963. This category has the following 9 subcategories, out of 9 total. 2555, was accordingly named Centenary. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 27 May 1963. The book "2750 - Legend of a Locomotive" by H C Webster,[44] originally published in the 1930s but republished in 2016, is a fictionalised account of the career of A3 "Papyrus", although the name of the locomotive is never mentioned, only its number. 1472) was built in 1923 for the London and North Eastern Railway at Doncaster Works to a design of Sir Nigel Gresley. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 25 May 1963. These designs discarded the conjugated gear and had separate sets of Walschaerts valve gear for each cylinder. The outcome of the various experiments and modifications made to the A1s in the late 1920s was a new Class A3 "Super Pacific", the first example of which was number 2743 Felstead. [1][8] All three cylinders drove the middle coupled axle. Wikipedia list article. However this was at the cost of heavy coal consumption, and general performance was well below the ultimate potential of the design. Below are the names and numbers of the steam locomotives that comprised the LNER Class A1/A3, that ran on the Great Northern and latterly the London and North Eastern Railway network. [16] Another new development was the changeover from right- to left-hand drive, less convenient for a right-handed fireman, but more so for sighting signals, resulting in the modification of all earlier locomotives. The first and most spectacular outcome occurred in 1928, when the Pacifics were called upon daily to work the Flying Scotsman train non-stop over the 392 miles (631 km) between London and Edinburgh. [5][2], No. The change in class designation to A3 reflected the fitting to the same … Add a paragraph/section on the preserved A3 Flying Scotsman and new build A1 Tornado. In spite of all this and the introduction of more recent Pacifics, in the middle of the 1950s Gresley types continued to have a quasi-monopoly of East Coast Main Line express passenger services, and as the Sixties approached they went through yet another series of improvements comparable to those of the 1920s. However, with its double chimney and subsequent fitting of a double Kylchap exhaust in 1937, Humorist continued to pose a problem in this regard and always had small wings on either side of the chimney. The London and North Eastern Railway LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3 locomotives represented two distinct stages in the history of the British 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley. Disambiguation: LNER Class A1 LNER Class A1/A3, LNER Peppercorn Class A1 The LNER Class A1/1 consisted of a single 4-6-2 "Pacific" express passenger locomotive rebuilt in 1945 from an A1 class locomotive, by Edward Thompson. 2553 was renamed Prince of Wales on 11 November 1926 following the visit of the future King Edward VIII to Doncaster Works a few days earlier; no. Changes to the valve gear included increased lap and longer travel, in accordance with Great Western practice; this allowed fuller exploitation of the expansive properties of steam and reduced back pressure from the exhaust, transforming performance and economy; the economies in coal and water consumption achieved were such that the 180 psi Pacifics could undertake long-distance non-stop runs that had previously been impossible. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 30 September 1961. The modifications also gave the A1 locomotives greater speed potential, and the proof of this came in 1933 when a high-speed 3-car diesel railcar service had been mooted. The names for the locomotives came from a variety of sources. Otherwise, the class remained intact until 1962, and was still operating on express passenger work. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 31 May 1963. The firebox was set low and rested on the trailing carrying axle. The intention was to produce an engine able to handle, without assistance, mainline express services that were reaching the limits of the capacity of the Ivatt large-boilered Atlantics. The Great Northern Railway was incorporated into the newly formed LNER as a result of the 1923 Grouping. See more. In order to be able to pack an extra ton of coal, a single coal rail was provided on this particular series, but was later deemed unnecessary. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 31 December 1962. : 'The L.N.E.R. Read More. Read More. Gresley's sudden death in 1941 and an unsympathetic successor, Edward Thompson, did not help matters in this respect. [32] These modifications greatly reduced exhaust back pressure, making the locomotives more economical and free-running, and also kept the firetubes clean, reducing turn-around time, so much so that they were able to fit into the more intensive diesel locomotive workings. 1470 was named Great Northern when new in April 1922 in honour of the Great Northern Railway, which was to lose its identity at the end of the year; similarly, GNR no. They were designed for main line passenger services, initially on the Great Northern Railway (GNR), a constituent company of the London and North Eastern Railway after the … [42] Built in 1922, he was sold to the Fat Controller in 1923, once testing was complete. Various experiments were tried over the years to cure this chronic ailment, and it was only towards the end of the steam era that a real solution was found in Great Western methods of lubrication and manufacture for the big-end bearing. It was intended as the prototype of a new design of pacific locomotives improving the A4 design of Thompson’s predecessor Sir Nigel Gresley. [27] This was largely due to a regression from the earlier 3-cylinder 2-6-0 design, which was the first to have the standard Gresley conjugated motion combined with long valve travel. Download PDF Download RTF Download FB2 Download EPUB Describes the great man, Sir Nigel Gresley, the competition between the Pacifics and the Castles, the A1, A3, and A4 classes, the Silver Jubilee, streamliners, color schemes, and the controversy surrounding the Gresley conjugated valve motion. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 17 April 1963. GNR no. In The Railway Series children's books by the Rev. [2] Finally realising that he was in a design impasse, he took as a model the new American Pennsylvania Railroad class K4 Pacific of 1914. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 5 April 1963. [5][2] Designed by Sir Nigel Gresley, the LNER Gresley Steam Locomotive Class A3's were Pacific 4-6-2 engines designed for mainline passenger services on the Great Northern Railway, and later the London and North Eastern Railway. The solution came in the form of narrow German-style smoke deflectors, which somewhat changed the appearance of the A3 locomotives in their latter days. LNER (until 1945/46): 2543–2582, 2595–2599, 2743–2752, 2795–2797, 4470–4481, 2500–2508; 60037–39/44/46–48/50/53/56–58/60–61/66/73–74/82/86–90/96–99/101/103/105/107–108/110, 60036/40/42–43/45/51/54/62–63/65/70–71/75/77/80/83/85/91–92/94/106/112, On 19 February 1949, a freight train became divided at, On 15 December 1961, an empty coaching stock train was in a rear-end collision with a freight train at, This page was last edited on 30 November 2020, at 10:08. Flying Scotsman also made an appearance in the book Enterprising Engines where, post-preservation, numbered 4472 in his LNER appearance with the second tender, he visits his "brother" Gordon at the request of the Fat Controller. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 4 April 1963. They represented Nigel Gresley's attempt to standardise steam design. The 1470-class Pacific was the third Great Northern locomotive type to incorporate Gresley's universal 3-cylinder layout. Cut up at Doncaster Works on 16 September 1963. This batch was completed by September 1923. [34] 60103 Flying Scotsman was withdrawn in 1963, and has since been preserved at the National Railway Museum in York. [10][11][12] The latter weighed 19.6 long tons (19.9 t; 22.0 short tons) less than the Pacific, but was claimed to be the most powerful locomotive in Britain with a tractive effort rated at 31,625 lbf (140.68 kN).
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